Google has introduced its latest innovation in quantum computing: the Willow quantum chip, which sets a new standard in performance metrics and tackles enduring challenges in the industry.
"Meet Willow, our cutting-edge quantum computing chip," announced CEO Sundar Pichai on X/Twitter. "Willow represents a breakthrough in error reduction, scaling exponentially with qubit increases, and solving a persistent 30-year challenge."
Quantum computing chips, which utilize quantum bits or "qubits," act as the processing units for quantum computers. A significant issue with these chips is their propensity to exchange information with their surroundings too quickly, complicating the retention of data necessary for computation.
Traditionally, expanding the number of qubits leads to a rise in errors. However, Alphabet Inc.’s (GOOG) research indicates that with Willow, "an increase in qubits results in a decrease in errors, enhancing the quantum nature of the system."
To validate this, Google experimented with increasingly large arrays of physical qubits, scaling from a 3x3 encoded qubit grid to a 5x5, and ultimately to a 7x7 grid. They applied advanced quantum error correction techniques, achieving a 50% reduction in error rates.
"There are additional scientific milestones in this achievement," the company noted in a blog post. "For instance, this serves as one of the first compelling demonstrations of real-time error correction on a superconducting quantum system — an essential capability for practical computation, as insufficiently fast error correction could render any computation ineffective."
Additionally, Willow is capable of performing a standard benchmark computation in under five minutes. In contrast, even today’s fastest supercomputers would require 10 septillion years to accomplish the same task.
Looking forward, Google intends to harness Willow’s capabilities to "explore algorithms beyond the reach of classical computers, addressing real-world and commercially significant problems."
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